The act of generating new hypotheses from existing data is a major component in the process of science. Dr. Albert Szent-Györgyi has been quoted as saying "discovery consists of seeing what everybody has seen, and thinking what nobody has thought." Recent advances in data sharing, combined with the expectation that publicly funded research will be shared, have led to projects that consist largely of secondary analysis of data. The practitioners of this craft may analyze or combine these data in ways that answer scientific questions that the initial investigators did not consider. In a 2016 editorial, the New England Journal of Medicine termed these people "research parasites."
The Parasite awards, given annually, recognize outstanding contributions to the rigorous secondary analysis of data. This practice of secondary analysis plays a key role in the scientific ecosystem: conclusions that persist through substantial reanalysis are expected to be more credible; and analyses that extract more knowledge from underutilized data make the practice of science more efficient.
Or, phrased slightly differently:
I propose a new science award: "The Research Parasite Award is given to those who used someone else's data to do some really cool sh*t"
— Iddo Friedberg (@iddux) January 22, 2016
The Parasites currently consist of two awards: the first recognizes an outstanding contribution from a junior parasite (postdoctoral, graduate, or undergraduate trainee), and the second recognizes an individual for a sustained period of exemplary research parasitism.
We encourage readers to broadly share this call, and we strongly encourage members of groups that are underrepresented in scientific communities to apply for this award.
Applications for the 2025 Research Parasite Awards must be received by August 23, 2024 at 5PM HST (Hawaii Standard Time) at parasite.award@gmail.com. The award will be presented via a video livestream. We plan for this to occur during the first week of January as part of the 30th Annual Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. An application requires:
The award winners will be recognized at the Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing each year and listed on the PSB website along with links to the winning papers.
Selection criteria (both awards) for the work in question:
Additional selection criteria for the Junior Parasite award:
Additional selection criteria for the Sustained Parasitism award:
By submitting an application you agree that the decisions of the parasite award committee are final, and the committee is unable to provide feedback on applications that were not selected.
Recipients of both awards will receive a leather lamprey with a magnetic head. This lamprey can be attached to ferromagnetic surfaces. Previous award winners have attached them to lamps, to produce lamp-reys. The physical prizes are supported by an award from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF 4552) to Casey Greene.
Each award recipient will receive a $1000 cash prize, due to support from GigaScience and GigaByte. We also expect to award a number of Honorable Mentions, which are accompanied by a $250 prize.
GigaScience aims to revolutionize reproducibility of analyses, data dissemination, organization, understanding, and use through open access and open data publication of 'big data' studies across the life and biomedical sciences.
GigaByte aims to promote the most rapid exchange of scientific information in a formal peer-reviewed publishing platform.
GigaScience and its new sister journal GigaByte are data-centric journals in the life and biomedical sciences published by GigaScience Press. Helping to incentivise and support data parasites and symbionts, both journals have data curation and hosting support and credit the sharing of the associated Research Objects (raw and analysed data, code and workflows, etc) with the articles, are open, accessible, and follow best (FAIR) practices. GigaScience publishes cutting edge research involving large, complex datasets, biological data analyses, and software tools; GigaByte is designed to publish rapidly changing research in the form of short Data Release and Technical Release articles. These present non-complex data sets, continually updated software tools, and changing methods that are well-served by having embedded content that bring papers to life and allow readers to directly engage with the content. The editors are currently doing a call for papers for the launch of GigaByte.
Since the 2019 award year, The Research Parasite Award has been supported in part by an endowment. This endowment is housed at the University of Pennsylvania and provides modest prizes to the recipients. If you would like to contribute to this endowment, donations may be made here. The initial donors to this endowment include:
Administrative support is provided by University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine's Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics. If you would like to team up with us to celebrate secondary data analysis with a one-year contribution (e.g. via a travel award), please send an e-mail to Casey Greene.
The committee has sole responsibility for determining the recipient of the parasite awards. As discussed in the conflict of interest rules, the committee and individual members are unable to comment on any unselected applications.
Committee Chair
Award Cycles 2025-2026.
Award Cycles 2025-2026.
Award Cycles 2025-2028.
*Selection of new committee members: For the three four-year term positions, the award committee will have the right to nominate new members, and the PSB organizers will have the right to confirm selected nominees. For the two two-year terms positions, recipients of the Sustained Parasitism award will rotate on to the committee. No committee member may serve more than four consecutive years and no committee member may return to the committee until at least four award years have passed since the member previously served.
2024 Junior Parasite
2024 Sustained Parasitism
2023 Junior Parasite
2023 Sustained Parasitism
2022 Junior Parasite
2022 Sustained Parasitism
2021 Junior Parasite
2021 Sustained Parasitism
2020 Junior Parasite
2020 Sustained Parasitism
2019 Junior Parasite
2019 Sustained Parasitism
2019 Junior Honorable Mention
Adam Palmer (Harvard University) analyzed clinical trials of cancer therapies and discovered that the benefit of many drug combinations is due to differences between patients in which single drug is most effective.
2019 Junior Honorable Mention
Marc Sze (University of Michigan) noted that in emerging fields, secondary analysis can help provide crucial direction on the most promising leads and steer us away from those that simply generate the most buzz. He reanalyzed microbiome data in one such area (obesity and the microbiota) to determine the extent to which reports exaggerated the true magnitude or potential of this factor.
2019 Senior Honorable Mention
Nick Brown (University of Groningen) used datasets from published articles to draw different conclusions from the original authors, sometimes with far-reaching consequences. Certain contributions revealed weaknesses in the science underlying a “smarter lunchrooms” program that was in use in nearly 30,000 schools.
In the event that a committee member has a relationship described in rule 7 with one or more nominees, s/he should disclose that relationship to the other committee members and describe the nature of the relationship(s). The other committee members should then decide (without the conflicted committee member) whether the conflict is adequately mitigated by disclosure. In the event that a majority of the other committee members believes the conflict is not adequately mitigated by disclosure, the following procedure should be followed: (1) The conflicted committee member may not participate in the discussion of the conflicted nominee; (2) If the non-conflicted committee members feel a conflicted nominee should be an awardee, then those committee members should send a written description of the conflict and the rationale for their decision to the PSB co-chairs; (3) if a majority of the PSB co-chairs believe the decision has been improperly biased by the conflict, the conflicted nominee cannot be the award winner, and the committee will be tasked with selecting a different awardee.